History of France XVII to XIX century

XVII century was a period of extravagance and power of the French monarchy. King Louis XIII (French Louis XIII), and Cardinal Richelieu (French Cardinal Richelieu) have transformed the French feudal monarchy to absolute monarchy. The French king most associated with that period - that Louis XIV. 
Also known as sun-king, Louis XIV strengthened the power of all the local princes and the Lord, which render difficult the court life of his palace at Versailles. The purpose of this trial of life is to preserve the power of local princes and lords and did not undermine the authority of Louis. This period is also known for brilliant writers, architects and musicians, who were nominated by the royal court. Humor Louis XIV, costly foreign wars, which weakened the government, plunged France into an economic and financial crisis. Louis XIV died in 1715 and Louis XV ascended the throne. Bourgeoisie began demanding more political rights, and it was a big challenge for the successor of Louis.  

King Louis XIV 


Napoleon Bonaparte  
France was the scenario of many battles during the French Revolution at the beginning of 1789, as well as created the first Republic and the period of authoritarian rule of Napoleon Bonaparte (French Napoleon Bonaparte), who successfully defended the nascent republic from the enemy, and then became the first consul in 1799 and emperor in the 1804. The Congress of Vienna (1815) donapoleonovsky tried to restore order in the face of King Louis XVIII, but industrialization and the middle class, were in the power of Napoleon, they have demanded change, and, finally, Louis Philippe, the last of the Bourbons were overthrown in 1848. 


In 1852, Prince Louis Napoleon, nephew of Napoleon I, has announced the Second Empire and took the throne as Napoleon III. However, Louis Napoleon had against the growing power of Prussia, and that broke the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871 gg.), And when the war was over his defeat, and he abdicated. 

Thus, the monarchy in France came to an end in 1871, and established the Third Republic. In 1889 it built what is now one of the most spectacular and visited monuments in the world. Eiffel Tower was built for the centennial of the French Revolution. Large and important contributions made in the nineteenth century Impressionist paintings, art nouveau, satirist Emile Zola (fr.Emile Zola) and the novelist Gustave Flaubert (French Gustave Flaubert).